See Descartes on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*dwóh₁",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dwóh₁#Proto-Indo-European:_two"
],
[
"*trís",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/trís"
],
[
"*d(w)is-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dwís"
],
[
"*dis-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/dis-"
],
[
"dis-",
"dis-#Latin:_apart"
],
[
"des-",
"des-#Old_French"
],
[
"χάρτης",
"χάρτης#Ancient_Greek:_paper"
],
[
"charta",
"charta#Latin"
],
[
"cartes",
"carte#Old_French"
],
[
"Descartes",
"Descartes#French"
],
[
"Descartes",
"Descartes#French"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":ubor",
"3": "fr:Descartes",
"text": "+",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dwóh₁\n▲\nProto-Indo-European *trísinflu.\nProto-Indo-European *d(w)is-\nProto-Italic *dis-\nLatin dis-\nOld French des-\nAncient Greek χάρτης (khártēs)bor.\nLatin chartader.\nOld French cartes\nOld French descartesder.?\nFrench Descartesubor.\nEnglish Descartes\n[Appendix:Glossary#unadapted_borrowing|Unadapted borrowing]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"descartes\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"apart\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*d(w)is-\", \"gloss\" : \"in two, apart\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"two\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dwóh₁\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*trís\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dwís\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*dis-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"dis-\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"des-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"cartes\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"paper\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"χάρτης\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"charta\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"carte\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"Descartes\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"ubor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"Descartes\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"Descartes\">\nUnadapted borrowing from French Descartes.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dwóh₁\n▲\nProto-Indo-European *trísinflu.\nProto-Indo-European *d(w)is-\nProto-Italic *dis-\nLatin dis-\nOld French des-\nAncient Greek χάρτης (khártēs)bor.\nLatin chartader.\nOld French cartes\nOld French descartesder.?\nFrench Descartesubor.\nEnglish Descartes\nUnadapted borrowing from French Descartes.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Descarteses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~",
"2": "es"
},
"expansion": "Descartes (countable and uncountable, plural Descarteses)",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 37 8 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 37 8 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 28 9 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 28 9 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "62 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Marathi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A surname from French"
],
"id": "en-Descartes-en-name-JKxjix1-",
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Individuals",
"orig": "en:Individuals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Philosophers",
"orig": "en:Philosophers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "41 59",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 59",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 76",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 37 8 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 37 8 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Marathi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Descartean"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Descartian"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Descartesean"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Descartesian"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Descartes Highlands"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Descartes law"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "folium of Descartes"
}
],
"glosses": [
"René Descartes: a French philosopher and mathematician, who lived from 1596 to 1650."
],
"id": "en-Descartes-en-name-LTo68vJN",
"links": [
[
"French",
"French"
],
[
"philosopher",
"philosopher"
],
[
"mathematician",
"mathematician"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(singular) René Descartes: a French philosopher and mathematician, who lived from 1596 to 1650."
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Cartesian"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Cart"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Carte"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Cartes"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Lacarte"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"singular",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "Dīkārt",
"sense": "French philosopher and mathematician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "دِيكَارْت"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "Díkǎ'ěr",
"sense": "French philosopher and mathematician",
"word": "笛卡爾 /笛卡尔"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "Díkǎ'ér",
"sense": "French philosopher and mathematician",
"word": "笛卡兒 /笛卡儿"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "French philosopher and mathematician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Descartes"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "Kartésios",
"sense": "French philosopher and mathematician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Καρτέσιος"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"roman": "dekārt",
"sense": "French philosopher and mathematician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "देकार्त"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "French philosopher and mathematician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Cartesio"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "Dekaruto",
"sense": "French philosopher and mathematician",
"word": "デカルト"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "French philosopher and mathematician",
"tags": [
"New-Latin",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Cartesius"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "Dekareuteu",
"sense": "French philosopher and mathematician",
"word": "데카르트"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"lang_code": "mr",
"roman": "Dekārta",
"sense": "French philosopher and mathematician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "देकार्त"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "French philosopher and mathematician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kartezjusz"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "Dekárt",
"sense": "French philosopher and mathematician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Дека́рт"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"sense": "French philosopher and mathematician",
"word": "Đề-các"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/deɪˈkɑːt/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/deɪˈkɑɹt/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dæɪˈkɐːt/",
"tags": [
"Australia",
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)t"
}
],
"word": "Descartes"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*dwóh₁",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dwóh₁#Proto-Indo-European:_two"
],
[
"*trís",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/trís"
],
[
"*d(w)is-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dwís"
],
[
"*dis-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/dis-"
],
[
"dis-",
"dis-#Latin:_apart"
],
[
"des-",
"des-#Old_French"
],
[
"χάρτης",
"χάρτης#Ancient_Greek:_paper"
],
[
"charta",
"charta#Latin"
],
[
"cartes",
"carte#Old_French"
],
[
"des-",
"des-#Old_French"
],
[
"cartes",
"carte#Old_French"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": ":der<unc>",
"3": "fro:<alt:descartes><ety:af<des-><carte<alt:cartes>>>",
"id": "proper noun",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dwóh₁\n▲\nProto-Indo-European *trísinflu.\nProto-Indo-European *d(w)is-\nProto-Italic *dis-\nLatin dis-\nOld French des-\nAncient Greek χάρτης (khártēs)bor.\nLatin chartader.\nOld French cartes\nOld French descartesder.?\nFrench Descartes\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"descartes\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"apart\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*d(w)is-\", \"gloss\" : \"in two, apart\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"two\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dwóh₁\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*trís\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dwís\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*dis-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"dis-\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"des-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"cartes\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"paper\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"χάρτης\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"charta\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"carte\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"Descartes\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" }\" data-id=\"proper noun\" data-lang=\"fr\" data-title=\"Descartes\" id=\"French:_proper_noun\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "",
"4": "descartes"
},
"expansion": "Old French descartes",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "des-",
"3": "carte<alt:cartes>",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "des- + cartes",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dwóh₁\n▲\nProto-Indo-European *trísinflu.\nProto-Indo-European *d(w)is-\nProto-Italic *dis-\nLatin dis-\nOld French des-\nAncient Greek χάρτης (khártēs)bor.\nLatin chartader.\nOld French cartes\nOld French descartesder.?\nFrench Descartes\nProbably from Old French descartes, from des- + cartes.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mfbysense"
},
"expansion": "Descartes m or f by sense",
"name": "fr-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Descartes: a surname"
],
"id": "en-Descartes-fr-name-EM3uz~OV",
"links": [
[
"Descartes",
"Descartes#English"
],
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
],
"tags": [
"by-personal-gender",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Individuals",
"orig": "fr:Individuals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Philosophers",
"orig": "fr:Philosophers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "21 37 8 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 37 8 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 94",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 94",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 95",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French masculine and feminine nouns by sense",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Descartes, René Descartes: a French philosopher and mathematician, who lived from 1596 to 1650."
],
"id": "en-Descartes-fr-name-DJkdVy19",
"links": [
[
"Descartes",
"Descartes#English"
],
[
"French",
"French"
],
[
"philosopher",
"philosopher"
],
[
"mathematician",
"mathematician"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(masculine) Descartes, René Descartes: a French philosopher and mathematician, who lived from 1596 to 1650."
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"word": "cartésien"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"word": "carte"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"word": "Carte"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"word": "Cartes"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"word": "des"
}
],
"tags": [
"by-personal-gender",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/de.kaʁt/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-GrandCelinien-Descartes.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ac/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-GrandCelinien-Descartes.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-GrandCelinien-Descartes.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ac/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-GrandCelinien-Descartes.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-GrandCelinien-Descartes.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Paris",
"France"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʁt"
}
],
"word": "Descartes"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms borrowed from French",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *dwóh₁",
"English unadapted borrowings from French",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)t",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)t/2 syllables",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Marathi translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Descartean"
},
{
"word": "Descartian"
},
{
"word": "Descartesean"
},
{
"word": "Descartesian"
},
{
"word": "Descartes Highlands"
},
{
"word": "Descartes law"
},
{
"word": "folium of Descartes"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*dwóh₁",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dwóh₁#Proto-Indo-European:_two"
],
[
"*trís",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/trís"
],
[
"*d(w)is-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dwís"
],
[
"*dis-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/dis-"
],
[
"dis-",
"dis-#Latin:_apart"
],
[
"des-",
"des-#Old_French"
],
[
"χάρτης",
"χάρτης#Ancient_Greek:_paper"
],
[
"charta",
"charta#Latin"
],
[
"cartes",
"carte#Old_French"
],
[
"Descartes",
"Descartes#French"
],
[
"Descartes",
"Descartes#French"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":ubor",
"3": "fr:Descartes",
"text": "+",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dwóh₁\n▲\nProto-Indo-European *trísinflu.\nProto-Indo-European *d(w)is-\nProto-Italic *dis-\nLatin dis-\nOld French des-\nAncient Greek χάρτης (khártēs)bor.\nLatin chartader.\nOld French cartes\nOld French descartesder.?\nFrench Descartesubor.\nEnglish Descartes\n[Appendix:Glossary#unadapted_borrowing|Unadapted borrowing]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"descartes\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"apart\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*d(w)is-\", \"gloss\" : \"in two, apart\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"two\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dwóh₁\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*trís\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dwís\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*dis-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"dis-\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"des-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"cartes\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"paper\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"χάρτης\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"charta\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"carte\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"Descartes\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"ubor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"Descartes\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"Descartes\">\nUnadapted borrowing from French Descartes.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dwóh₁\n▲\nProto-Indo-European *trísinflu.\nProto-Indo-European *d(w)is-\nProto-Italic *dis-\nLatin dis-\nOld French des-\nAncient Greek χάρτης (khártēs)bor.\nLatin chartader.\nOld French cartes\nOld French descartesder.?\nFrench Descartesubor.\nEnglish Descartes\nUnadapted borrowing from French Descartes.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Descarteses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~",
"2": "es"
},
"expansion": "Descartes (countable and uncountable, plural Descarteses)",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"word": "Cartesian"
},
{
"word": "Cart"
},
{
"word": "Carte"
},
{
"word": "Cartes"
},
{
"word": "Lacarte"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English surnames",
"English surnames from French"
],
"glosses": [
"A surname from French"
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Individuals",
"en:Philosophers"
],
"glosses": [
"René Descartes: a French philosopher and mathematician, who lived from 1596 to 1650."
],
"links": [
[
"French",
"French"
],
[
"philosopher",
"philosopher"
],
[
"mathematician",
"mathematician"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(singular) René Descartes: a French philosopher and mathematician, who lived from 1596 to 1650."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"singular",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/deɪˈkɑːt/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/deɪˈkɑɹt/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dæɪˈkɐːt/",
"tags": [
"Australia",
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)t"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "Dīkārt",
"sense": "French philosopher and mathematician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "دِيكَارْت"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "Díkǎ'ěr",
"sense": "French philosopher and mathematician",
"word": "笛卡爾 /笛卡尔"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "Díkǎ'ér",
"sense": "French philosopher and mathematician",
"word": "笛卡兒 /笛卡儿"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "French philosopher and mathematician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Descartes"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "Kartésios",
"sense": "French philosopher and mathematician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Καρτέσιος"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"roman": "dekārt",
"sense": "French philosopher and mathematician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "देकार्त"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "French philosopher and mathematician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Cartesio"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "Dekaruto",
"sense": "French philosopher and mathematician",
"word": "デカルト"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "French philosopher and mathematician",
"tags": [
"New-Latin",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Cartesius"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "Dekareuteu",
"sense": "French philosopher and mathematician",
"word": "데카르트"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"lang_code": "mr",
"roman": "Dekārta",
"sense": "French philosopher and mathematician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "देकार्त"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "French philosopher and mathematician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kartezjusz"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "Dekárt",
"sense": "French philosopher and mathematician",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Дека́рт"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"sense": "French philosopher and mathematician",
"word": "Đề-các"
}
],
"word": "Descartes"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 2-syllable words",
"French entries with etymology trees",
"French entries with etymon",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French feminine nouns",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine and feminine nouns by sense",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nouns with multiple genders",
"French proper nouns",
"French terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"French terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *dwóh₁",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:French/aʁt",
"Rhymes:French/aʁt/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*dwóh₁",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dwóh₁#Proto-Indo-European:_two"
],
[
"*trís",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/trís"
],
[
"*d(w)is-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dwís"
],
[
"*dis-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/dis-"
],
[
"dis-",
"dis-#Latin:_apart"
],
[
"des-",
"des-#Old_French"
],
[
"χάρτης",
"χάρτης#Ancient_Greek:_paper"
],
[
"charta",
"charta#Latin"
],
[
"cartes",
"carte#Old_French"
],
[
"des-",
"des-#Old_French"
],
[
"cartes",
"carte#Old_French"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": ":der<unc>",
"3": "fro:<alt:descartes><ety:af<des-><carte<alt:cartes>>>",
"id": "proper noun",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dwóh₁\n▲\nProto-Indo-European *trísinflu.\nProto-Indo-European *d(w)is-\nProto-Italic *dis-\nLatin dis-\nOld French des-\nAncient Greek χάρτης (khártēs)bor.\nLatin chartader.\nOld French cartes\nOld French descartesder.?\nFrench Descartes\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"descartes\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"apart\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*d(w)is-\", \"gloss\" : \"in two, apart\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"two\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dwóh₁\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*trís\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dwís\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*dis-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"dis-\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"des-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"cartes\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"paper\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"χάρτης\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"charta\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"carte\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"Descartes\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" }\" data-id=\"proper noun\" data-lang=\"fr\" data-title=\"Descartes\" id=\"French:_proper_noun\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "",
"4": "descartes"
},
"expansion": "Old French descartes",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "des-",
"3": "carte<alt:cartes>",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "des- + cartes",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dwóh₁\n▲\nProto-Indo-European *trísinflu.\nProto-Indo-European *d(w)is-\nProto-Italic *dis-\nLatin dis-\nOld French des-\nAncient Greek χάρτης (khártēs)bor.\nLatin chartader.\nOld French cartes\nOld French descartesder.?\nFrench Descartes\nProbably from Old French descartes, from des- + cartes.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mfbysense"
},
"expansion": "Descartes m or f by sense",
"name": "fr-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"word": "cartésien"
},
{
"word": "carte"
},
{
"word": "Carte"
},
{
"word": "Cartes"
},
{
"word": "des"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French surnames"
],
"glosses": [
"Descartes: a surname"
],
"links": [
[
"Descartes",
"Descartes#English"
],
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
],
"tags": [
"by-personal-gender",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"fr:Individuals",
"fr:Philosophers"
],
"glosses": [
"Descartes, René Descartes: a French philosopher and mathematician, who lived from 1596 to 1650."
],
"links": [
[
"Descartes",
"Descartes#English"
],
[
"French",
"French"
],
[
"philosopher",
"philosopher"
],
[
"mathematician",
"mathematician"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(masculine) Descartes, René Descartes: a French philosopher and mathematician, who lived from 1596 to 1650."
],
"tags": [
"by-personal-gender",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/de.kaʁt/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-GrandCelinien-Descartes.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ac/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-GrandCelinien-Descartes.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-GrandCelinien-Descartes.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ac/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-GrandCelinien-Descartes.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-GrandCelinien-Descartes.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Paris",
"France"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʁt"
}
],
"word": "Descartes"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Descartes meaning in All languages combined (15.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.